Haklenayaśas
Introduction
Haklenayaśas (鶴勒那), the twenty-third Indian patriarch, was a rigorous ascetic. He practiced the ritual washing of impurities, believing that spiritual purity was achieved through external purification.
Manorhita led him to the edge of a pond where a white crane stood motionless in the water. "Look," said Manorhita. "The crane does not wash itself. It has been white since the beginning." Haklenayaśas understood that the Buddha-nature is originally pure.
Keizan comments: practice is not a process of progressive purification. It is the recognition that purity has never been absent.
The twenty-third ancestor, Venerable Hakurena. When Venerable Manura instructed him, saying:
I possess the supreme great Dharma treasure; you should listen, receive, and transform beings for the future.
Hearing this, the master awakened in accord.
He was a man of the Yueh-chih country. His family name was Brahmin. His father was Senshō, his mother was Kinkō. Because they had no child, they prayed to the golden banner of the seven buddhas. They then dreamed of a divine youth on the summit of Mount Sumeru holding a golden ring, saying, 'I have come.'Upon awakening, she became pregnant. At age seven, while wandering through a village, he saw the people performing licentious sacrifices. He then entered the temple, reprimanded them, and said, 'You falsely arouse calamities and blessings, deluding people. Year after year you waste sacrificial animals, causing harm that is extreme here.'Having spoken, the temple's appearance suddenly crumbled. Because of this, the villagers called him a holy child. At age twenty-two, he left home. At age thirty, he met Venerable Manura.
He was a man of the Yueh-chih country. His family name was Brahmin. His father was Senshō, his mother was Kinkō. Because they had no child, they prayed to the seven buddhas. They then dreamed of a divine youth on the summit of Mount Sumeru holding a golden ring, saying, 'I have come.'Upon awakening, she became pregnant. At age seven, he walked through a village. Seeing the people performing licentious sacrifices, he entered the temple and reprimanded them, saying, 'You falsely arouse calamities and blessings, deluding people. Year after year you waste sacrificial animals, causing harm that is extreme here.'Having spoken, the temple's appearance suddenly crumbled. Because of this, the villagers called him a holy child. At age twenty-two, he left home. At age thirty, he met Venerable Manura. The master is called Hakurena.
Rena is Sanskrit; 'Haku'is the Chinese term. Combining Sanskrit and Chinese, it is called Hakurena.
There were cranes that followed the master, and because of this he was named. However, when he first met Manorhita, there were various wonders. Although each one could be enumerated, I will only mention one cause.
The master asked the Venerable One, saying:
For what reason do I move the crane flock? The Venerable One said: In the fourth kalpa, you once were a bhikshu. When about to attend a gathering at the dragon palace, your disciples all wished to follow along. You observed among the five hundred assembly that not one was capable of making excellent offerings. At that time the disciples said: The master always teaches the Dharma. Those equal in food are also equal in Dharma. Now it is not so. How can there be any sage? You then had them attend the gathering. From abandoning life and proceeding to life, you transformed various lands, but those five hundred disciples, due to meager merit and shallow virtue, were born among feathered beings. Now they are moved by your kindness. Therefore they became a crane flock following along.
Hearing these words, the master said:
By what means shall I enable them to attain liberation? The Venerable One said: I have the unsurpassed Dharma treasure, and so forth.
Truly, the principle of food equality and Dharma equality has no separation between sage and ordinary. However, according to the logic, although master and disciples both went to attend the dragon palace's invitation, because they were incapable of receiving excellent offerings due to bodies of meager merit and shallow virtue, they became feathered beings. This cause should especially be taken as a point of attention for students. Indeed, teaching the Dharma has no distinctions. Food also should be equal. Yet some digest the faithful offerings, some are harmed by the faithful offerings. Reaching this point, it seems not uniform. It should especially be called distinction.
Why is this so? If one sees food, if one sees dharma, even if seeing them as equal, even if understanding them as one, there is still the aspect of seeing dharma, there is still the aspect of seeing food. Both cannot be avoided.
Deluded by a greedy seeking mind, following the teacher to the gathering, he ultimately became a feathered creature. He realized: not having penetrated the principle of food-equality and dharma-equality, he was truly bound by names and forms.
Now, as for such unsurpassable great dharma, what can be called food? What can be called dharma? Which is sacred? Which is ordinary? It is not something that forms and shadows can reach. It is even difficult to name it mind-nature. This dharma is not received from buddhas, not received from ancestors, not given to children, not transmitted from fathers. There is no thing that can be called self or other. From where would the names 'food'and 'dharma'come? How much less could there be a place to go for offerings? How could there be becoming a flock of cranes?
Therefore, carefully focus the eye, thoroughly exert effort, first you must know the numinous vastness and wondrous clarity of your own mind's original nature, be able to maintain it, deepen and mature it purely, and further know that there is the matter of the transmission of the lamp from buddhas and ancestors.
Only then can it be attained.
Even if you clarify the meaning of your own original nature, and the liberation attained is already the same as that of buddhas and ancestors, there is still further the unsurpassable great dharma treasure that should be listened to and received. It can transform throughout the future. This is not the principle of original nature. How much less is it a realm of seeing and hearing? It far transcends the sentiments of past and present, originally not abiding in the distinction between sentient beings and buddhas. Therefore, this person cannot be called a buddha, cannot be called ordinary. If not sitting upright in the hall, one does not engage with the opportunities of both ends. Therefore, though seeking the shadow, it cannot be obtained; though searching for the trace, it cannot be found. When arriving at this point, what thing is mind-nature? What thing is bodhi? All vomited out in one vomit, all excreted in one excretion.
When it is thus, this is the immeasurably great person. If one does not arrive at such a place, one remains an ordinary being, ultimately a sentient being caught in the cycle of birth and death. Therefore, all you virtuous ones, you should carefully perceive and realize, and aspire to shoulder the supreme great dharma treasure. This is precisely what keeps the flesh body of old Shakyamuni warm. Only do not stagnate in names, do not toil over forms. In the study of Zen, one must discern what is true and real.
If one wishes to point out and elucidate this principle, there is a humble saying.
The powdered wall pierces the clouds, the great peak's snow. Utterly pure, without a speck, distinct from the blue sky.
Translated from kanbun based on the text provided by CBETA (Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association (CBETA)), T2585. Composed in 1309.
Texte source (伝光録 / Denkōroku)
第二十三祖、鶴勒那尊者。因摩拏羅尊者示曰、
我有無上大法寶、汝當聽受化未來際。
師聞契悟。
月支國の人なり。姓は婆羅門。父は千勝、母は金光。子なきを以ての故に、七佛金幢に禱る。卽ち須彌山頂に一の神童あり、金環を持して、我れ來れりと云と夢む。覺て孕むことあり。年七歳にして聚落に遊行し、民間の淫祀するを見て乃ち廟に入り、之を叱して曰く、汝妄りに禍福を興して人を幻惑す。歳歳牲牢を費し、傷害すること斯に甚しと。言ひ訖て廟貌忽然として壞せり。之に由て郷黨、之を聖子と謂ふ。年二十二にして出家す。三十にして摩拏羅尊者に遇ふ。
《景德傳燈錄》月氏國人也。姓婆羅門。父千勝。母金光。以無子故禱于七佛。金幢即夢須彌山頂一神童持金環云我來也。覺而有孕。年七歳行聚落。覩民間淫祀乃入廟叱之曰。汝妄興禍福幻惑於人。歳費牲牢傷害斯甚。言訖。廟貌忽然而壞。由是鄉黨謂之聖子。年二十二出家。三十遇摩拏羅尊者。(T 2076.51.214a29-b26).師を鶴勒那と曰ふ。
勒那は梵語、鶴は卽ち華言、梵漢引合て鶴勒那と云ふ。
諸の鶴ありて師に隨ふ、之に依て名とす。然るに摩拏羅に遇ひたてまつる初め、種種の奇特あり。一一に擧すべしと雖も、唯其一因縁を擧せん。
《景德傳燈錄》鶴勒那者 (勒那梵語。鶴即華言)。(T 2076.51.214a29).師、尊者に問て曰く、
我れ何の縁ありてか鶴衆を感ず。尊者曰く、汝第四劫の中に嘗て比丘と爲れり。會に龍宮に赴くに當て、汝が諸弟子、咸隨從せんと欲す。汝五百の衆中を觀るに、一人の妙供に堪任する有ることなし。時に諸子曰く、師常に説法す。食に於て等なる者は、法に於ても亦等なりと。今既に然らず。何の聖と云ことか之れ有らん。
汝卽ち會に赴かしむ。汝は生を捨しより生に趣き、諸國を轉化せしも、其五百の弟子は、福微に德薄きを以て羽族に生じ、今汝の惠を感ず。故に鶴衆と爲て相い隨ふと。師、この語を聞て曰く、
何の方便を以てか彼をして解脱せしめん。尊者曰く、我に無上の法寶あり、云云。
《景德傳燈錄》我有何緣而感鶴衆。尊者曰。汝第四劫中嘗爲比丘。當赴會龍宮。汝諸弟子咸欲隨從。汝觀五百衆中。無有一人堪任妙供。時諸子曰。師常説法。於食等者於法亦等。今既不然何聖之有汝即令赴會。自汝捨生趣生轉化諸國。其五百弟子以福微德薄生於羽族。今感汝之惠故爲鶴衆相隨。鶴勒那聞語曰。以何方便令彼解脱。尊者曰。我有無上法寶。汝當聽受化未來實に食等法等の道理、聖凡ともに隔てなし。然るに理の推す所、師資ともに龍宮の請に赴くと雖も、福微に德薄きの身を以て、妙供を受るに堪ざるに依て羽族となりぬ。此因縁、尤も學人の用心としつべし。夫れ説法も差別なし。食も等同なるべし。然るに或は信施を消すあり、或は信施に侵さるるあり。此に到て齊等ならざるに似たり。尤も差別と謂つべし。
故如何となれば、若し食を見、法を見ば、設ひ齊等と見ると雖も、一同なりと會すと雖も、既に法を見る分あり、食を見る分あり。兩箇の見のがれず。
貪求の心に惑はされて、師に隨て赴きしに依て、遂に羽族と爲れり。知りぬ、食等法等の理に達せず、正しく名字有相に縛せられけり。
今謂ふ無上の大法の如きは、何をか食と曰ひ、何をか法と曰はん。何れか是れ聖、何れか是れ凡。既に形影の到るべき者に非ず。尚ほ心性とも名け難し。此法、尚ほ佛に受けず祖に受けず、子に授けず父に傳へず、自他と云ふべき物なし。食法の名、何くよりか得來らんや。況や赴請の處あらんや。鶴衆と爲ることあらんや。
故に子細に眼を着け委悉に功夫して、先づ須らく自心本性の靈廓妙明なることを知て、能く保持し深く純熟して、更に佛祖傳燈の事あることを知て、
始て得べし。
設ひ自己本性の旨を明めて、解脱する所、既に佛祖に同じと雖も、更に亦聽受すべき無上の大法寶あり。能く未來際を化す。是れ本性の道理に非ず。況や見聞の境界ならんや。遙かに古今の情を超越し、本より生佛の際に住まることなし。故に此人を呼で佛とすることも得ず、凡とすることも得ず。堂に在て正坐せざれば、兩頭の機に渉ることなし。故に影を求むれども得ず、跡を尋ぬれども得ず。此際に到りぬれば、心性とは何物ぞ、菩提とは何物ぞ、一嘔に嘔盡し、一屙に屙盡す。
是の如くなる時、是れ沒量の大人なり。恁麼の處に到らずんば、尚これ凡夫、終に流轉の衆生なり。是故に諸仁者、子細に見得して、無上の大法寶を荷擔せんと思ふべし。是れ則ち釋迦老子肉身暖なるべし。唯此名に滯り、形に勞すること勿れ。參學必ず眞實を辨ずべし。
這箇の道理を指注せんと思ふに卑語あり。
粉壁挿雲巨嶽雪。純清絶點異青天。
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